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C148 Working Environment (Air Pollution, Noise and Vibration) Convention, 1977 Convention

Convention on the protection of workers against occupational hazards due to air pollution, noise and vibration in the workplace (Note : Date of entry into force: 11:07:1979.)
Location: Geneva
Date of adoption: 20:06:1977
Session of the Conference: 63
Subject: Occupational Safety and Health at Work
See the ratifications for this Convention

Conference General of the International Labour Organization:

convened at Geneva by the Governing Body of the International Labour Office, and having met on 1 June 1977 in his sixty-third session;

Recalling the provisions of the Conventions and Recommendations international labor standards, in particular the Recommendation on the protection of health workers, 1953, the Recommendation los servicios de medicina del trabajo, 1959; el Convenio y la Recomendación sobre la protección contra las radiaciones, 1960; el Convenio y la Recomendación sobre la protección de la maquinaria, 1963; el Convenio sobre las prestaciones en caso de accidentes del trabajo y enfermedades profesionales, 1964; el Convenio y la Recomendación sobre la higiene (comercio y oficinas), 1964; el Convenio y la Recomendación sobre el benceno, 1971, y el Convenio y la Recomendación sobre el cáncer profesional, 1974;

Después de haber decidido adoptar diversas proposiciones relativas al medio ambiente de trabajo: contaminación atmosférica, ruido y vibraciones, cuestión que constituye el cuarto item on the agenda of the meeting, and

Having determined that these proposals shall take the form of an international Convention, adopts this twentieth day of June 1977, the present Convention, which may be cited as the Convention on the working environment (air pollution, noise and vibration), 1977: Part I.

Scope and Definitions Article 1



1. This Convention applies to all branches of economic activity.

2. Each Member which ratifies this Convention, after consulting the representative organizations of employers and workers concerned, where such exist, exclude from its application of economic activity that such special problems of some importance.

3. Each Member which ratifies this Convention shall list in its first report on the implementation of the Convention submitted under article 22 of the Constitution of the International Labour Organization branches that have been excluded under paragraph 2 of this article explaining the reasons for such exclusion, and shall indicate in subsequent reports of its law and practice in excluded branches, and the extent to which effect is proposed to implement the Convention such branches.



Article 2 1. Any Member may, in consultation with representative organizations of employers and employees, if such exist, separately accept the obligations under this Agreement in respect of: a) air pollution;

b) noise;

c) vibration.


2. Any Member who does not accept the obligations under the Convention in respect of one or more categories of items must indicate in its instrument of ratification and explain the reasons for their rejection in the first report on the implementation of the Convention submitted under article 22 of the Constitution of the International Labour Organization. In subsequent reports must contain the state of its legislation and practice in respect of any category of risks that has been excluded, and the extent to which effect it will apply the Convention to this category.


3. Any Member who at the time of ratification has not accepted the obligations under the Convention in respect of all categories of items must subsequently notify the Director General of the International Labour Office, where it considers that circumstances permit, to accept such obligations for one or more of the categories previously excluded.


Article 3

For the purposes of this Convention:

a) the term air pollution include air pollution by substances, whatever their physical state, which are harmful to health or pose any other hazards;

b) the term noise covers all sound which can cause hearing loss or be harmful to health or pose any other hazards;

c) the term covers any vibration vibrations transmitted to the human body through solid structures and is harmful health or involves any other type of hazard.


Part II. Provisions Article 4 General



1. National legislation must provide for the adoption of measures in the workplace to prevent and control occupational hazards due to air pollution, noise and vibration and to protect workers against such risks.


2. For the practical application of the measures so prescribed may be the adoption of technical standards, codes of practice and other appropriate means.




Article 5 1. In applying the provisions of this Convention, the competent authority shall act in consultation with most representative of employers and workers.


2. The representatives of employers and workers are partners in the development of modalities for implementing the measures prescribed in Article 4.


3. Provision shall be made closest cooperation at all levels between employers and employees in the implementation of the measures prescribed under this Convention.


4. The representatives of employer and employee representatives of the company should have the opportunity to accompany inspectors supervising the application of the measures prescribed under this Convention, unless the inspectors consider, in light of the general guidelines of the competent authority, that this may undermine the effectiveness of their control.



Article 6 1. Employers are responsible for the implementation of the measures prescribed.

2. Whenever two or more employers undertake activities simultaneously at the same workplace, have the duty to cooperate to implement the prescribed measures, without prejudice to the responsibility of each employer for health and safety of workers it employs. Where appropriate, the competent authority shall prescribe general procedures which will take place this collaboration.




Article 7 1. Workers should be obliged to observe the safety guidelines to prevent and limit the occupational hazards due to air pollution, noise and vibration in the workplace, and ensure protection against these risks.

2. Workers or their representatives shall be entitled to present proposals, obtain information and training and to appeal to appropriate bodies to ensure protection against occupational hazards due to air pollution, noise and vibration in the workplace.


Part III. Measures Prevention and Protection Article 8



1. The competent authority shall establish criteria for determining the hazards of exposure to air pollution, noise and vibration in the workplace, and to fix, if any, on the basis of such criteria, the exposure limits.


2. In developing the criteria and determine exposure limits, the competent authority shall take into consideration the opinion of technically competent persons nominated by the most representative organizations of employers and workers.


3. The criteria and limits exposure shall be established, completed and reviewed at regular intervals, according to new knowledge and national and international data and taking into account the extent possible, any increase in occupational hazards resulting from simultaneous exposure to several factors harmful in the workplace.

Article 9

the extent possible, should eliminate all risk from air pollution, noise and vibration in the workplace:

a) by technical measures applied to new facilities or new procedures at the time of its design or installation, or by measures provided technical facilities or operations, or where this is not possible,

b) using measures of work organization.

Article 10

If the measures taken under Article 9 does not reduce air pollution, noise and vibration in the workplace to the limits specified in Article 8, the employer shall provide and maintain in good condition, appropriate personal protective equipment. The employer shall not require a worker to work without personal protective equipment provided under this article.


Article 11

1. The health status of workers exposed or potentially exposed to occupational hazards due to air pollution, noise and vibration in the workplace should be monitored at appropriate intervals, according to the terms and circumstances determined by the competent authority. This monitoring should include a pre-employment medical examination and periodical examinations, as determined by the competent authority.


2. The supervision provided for in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be free of cost to the worker.


3. When medically inadvisable the presence of a worker a job involving exposure to air pollution, noise or vibration, take all measures compatible with national conditions and practice to transfer to another suitable job or to assure the maintenance of their income from social security benefits by any other method.


4. The measures taken to give effect to this Convention shall not adversely affect the rights of workers under social security legislation or social insurance.




Article 12 The use of processes, substances, machinery and equipment - to be specified by the competent authority - involving exposure of workers to occupational hazards due to air pollution, noise and vibration in the workplace must be notified to the competent authority which may, as appropriate, authorize the use on prescribed conditions or prohibit it.


Article 13

All interested persons:

a) shall be appropriately and adequately informed about the occupational hazards that may arise in the workplace due to air pollution, noise and vibration;

b) should receive adequate and appropriate instructions as to the means available to prevent and limit such risks, and protect against them.




Article 14 Measures shall be taken, given the conditions and national resources, to promote research in the field of prevention and control of hazards due to air pollution, noise and vibration in the workplace.

Part IV. Implementing Measures Article 15



On conditions and in circumstances determined by the competent authority, the employer must designate a competent person or use an outside service or common to several companies, to handle the issues of prevention and control of air pollution, noise and vibration in the workplace.



Article 16 Each Member shall:

a) adopt, by statute or by any other method consistent with national practice and conditions, the necessary measures, including the establishment of appropriate penalties, to give effect to the provisions of this Convention;

b) provide appropriate inspection services to ensure the implementation of the provisions of this Convention or to ensure that appropriate inspection is carried out.




Article 17 The formal ratifications of this Convention shall be communicated to the registration, the Director General of the International Labour Office.




Article 18 1. This Agreement shall be binding only upon those Members of the International Labour Organization whose ratifications have been registered with the Director General.


2. Enter into force twelve months after the date on which the ratifications of two Members have been registered with the Director General.


3. Thereafter, this Convention shall enter into force for any Member twelve months after the date on which its ratification has been registered.




Article 19 1. Each Member which has ratified this Convention may, at the expiration of a period of ten years from the date on which the Convention first comes into force, denounce the Convention as a whole or for one or more of the risk categories referred to Article 2, by an act communicated to the register, the Director General of the International Labour Office. The denunciation shall not take effect until one year after the date on which it is registered.


2. Each Member which has ratified this Convention and, within one year after the expiry of the period of ten years mentioned in the preceding paragraph, exercise the right of denunciation provided for in this Article shall be bound for another period of ten years and, thereafter, may denounce this Convention at the expiration of each period ten years, as provided in this article.




Article 20 1. The Director General of the International Labour Office shall notify all Members of the International Organisation of the registration of all ratifications and denunciations communicated by the Members of the Organization.


2. When notifying the Members of the Organisation of the registration of the second ratification communicated to him, the Director General shall draw the attention of the Members of the Organization on the date you enter into force of this Convention.




Article 21 The Director General of the International Labour Office shall notify the Secretary General of the United Nations, for the purposes of registration in accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations, complete information particulars of all ratifications and acts of denunciation registered under the preceding articles.


Article 22

Whenever deemed necessary, the Governing Body of the International Labour Office shall present to the Conference a report on the implementation of the Convention and shall examine the desirability of placing on the agenda of the Conference the question of its revision or partial.



Article 23 1. Should the Conference adopt a new Convention revising this Convention in whole or in part, and unless the new Convention otherwise provides:

a) the ratification by a Member of the new revising Convention shall ipso jure the immediate denunciation of this Convention, notwithstanding the provisions contained in Article 19, when the new revising Convention shall come into force;

b) from the date of entry into force of the new Convention revising this Convention shall cease to be open to ratification by the Members.


2. This Agreement shall continue in force in any case, in form and content for those Members which have not ratified the revising Convention.




Article 24 The English and French texts of this Convention are equally authoritative.


Cross references Recommendations: R097 Recommendation on the protection of health workers, 1953
Recommendations: Recommendation R112 Occupational Health Services, 1959
Conventions: C115 Protection Convention, 1960
Recommendations: R114 Protection Recommendation, 1960
RECOMMENDATIONS: R118 Recommendation on the protection of Machinery, 1963
Conventions: C119 Convention on the Protection of machinery,
1963 Conventions: C121 Seafarers' benefits in case of accidents, 1964
Conventions: C120 Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964
RECOMMENDATIONS: R120 Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964
Conventions: C136 Benzene Convention, 1971
Recommendations: R144 Benzene Recommendation, 1971
Conventions: C139 Occupational Cancer Convention, 1974
Recommendations: R147 Occupational Cancer Recommendation, 1974
Constitution: 22 Article 22 of the Constitution of the International Labour Organization

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